The Governess s Lack Of Social Experience Essay - 1404 Words

The Governess’s lack of social experience leads her to perceive sex in a skewed light. The twenty-year-old protagonist of The Turn of the Screw by Henry James has been put in charge of the schooling and supervision of two young children after the death of their former Governess. Flora and Miles, the niece and nephew of a rich bachelor have been put into the custody of their uncle. Their uncle, ill-equipped to raise them on his own, delegates his newfound responsibilities to a variety of servants who live with the children at one of his estates, Bly. After just two interviews with the Uncle, the Governess was given her position and took on the responsibilities of raising two children with very little support. The ill experienced Governess falls in love with the children’s uncle and is overtaken by her desires for him. Her sexual immaturity bars her from properly registering her feelings, causing Freudian principles to encompass her desires. The Governess’s immaturity is a foundation for her lack of sexual understanding. The Governess was essentially ripped from her childhood. She was a young woman who was never given the chance to explore all sides of her identity, especially her sexuality. This is a woman was torn away from all that she knew, and placed in a situation where she would have to dig deep within herself to find and channel motherly qualities, qualities she was never given the opportunity to develop. The Governess was placed in a social structure where herShow MoreRelatedA Marxist Approach to Jane Eyre1034 Words   |  5 Pageswritten. What does the text tell us about contemporary social classes and how does it reflect classism? Jane Eyre depicts the strict, hierarchical class system in England that required everyone to maintain carefully circumscribed class positions. 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The Lean tools impact of performance - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 13 Words: 3817 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Business Essay Type Research paper Did you like this example? Lean production first came along in 1950. It all began in Japan when Toyota, the auto manufacturer, was having some problems. It started in the 1930s when the military government had prevented their effort to build passenger cars, instead they had to make trucks. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Lean tools impact of performance" essay for you Create order In 1949 Toyota had sales collapse which forced the company to lay off great part of the work force. This also led to the resign of Kiichiro, the companys president, because of management failure. Toyota was also producing very little volume. It was then, in 1950, when the engineer Eiji Toyoda and his friend Taiichi Ohno, a production genius, realised that mass production could never work in Japan. They introduced the Toyota Production System also called lean production system. [1] Lean thinking involves few principles, they are: [2] Keeping processes customer focused. All activities should be driven by the customer needs and expectation. Knowledge driven process. Keep everyone in the organisation involved and exploit their ideas and skills to implement systematic changes. Dynamic process regarding change and capability building to ensure the sustained competitive advantage. Elimination of waste throughout the value chain with the goal of creating value. These princi ples need to be understood and applied correctly in order for the lean production system to be a success. To implement lean manufacturing the following elements need to be worked upon: [2] Manufacturing flow. Organisation. Process control. Metrics. Logistics. Lean manufacturing involves tools. One or more tools are chosen for a certain production, it depends on what organisations choose to do and what kind of production they have. Lean tools are for example One Piece Flow, Poka-Yoke (Error Proofing), Visual Management, The 5S Method, Kaizen, Kanban, Value Stream Mapping, Demand Management, Heijunka, Continuous Flow and Cell Design and Changeover Reduction. [2] The rest of the paper focuses on lean tools. Case studies from two companies, that use different lean tools, will be examined. The focus will be on what lean tools they implemented and the impact they had on the companies. KAIZEN NICHOLS FOODS KAIZEN Kaizen, or 5S, is one of the lean tools. 5S stands for five Japanese words, they are: [3] Seiri: Separates necessary things from unnecessary and abandons the latter. Seiton: Arranges and identifies things for ease of use. Seison: Maintain cleanliness. Seiketsu: Maintain the 3S mentioned above. Shitsuke: Make sure workers always conform to rules. These 5S words can be translated to a cleanup activity at the work place. Kaizens principles are to implement smaller improvement activities to the production. It diminishes slack hidden in plants. Various kinds of undesirable things can accumulate in plants such as unnecessary work-in-process (WIP) inventories, unnecessary measures and tools, defective inventories and unneeded carts, equipment, tables, etc. 5S can be implemented to get rid of or reduce these things which should lead to improvements in quality, lead time and cost. These three are the main goals of production management. [3] To achieve these goals, slack must be diminished. Slack involves: [3] Excessive setup time: By arranging necessary materials for a specific setup operation can reduce or even eliminate setup time. Defective materials/products: Workers are motivated to keep the plant clean to reduce defects. Defects become apparent in a clean plant. Disorder on work areas: Cleanliness at the workplace increases the operations efficiency. It also raises worker morale which leads to increase in attendance rate. Missed delivery times: To deliver products on time the input for making them must flow smoothly. Keeping the plant clean will give better overview of necessary units and consequently the orders to suppliers will become more efficient which leads to less time wasted in waiting for materials. Unsafe conditions: Keep the workplace safe to prevent injuries of workers or damage on inventories. It is very important to focus on these things to reduce slack among others such as good human relationships and morale. [3] One of Kaizens advantages is how little time it takes to train people. When a company decides to apply the Kaizen tool it usually develops a corporate plan which involves dividing all the employees into self managing teams and assigning every person a role. The team works as good as it can to reach its targets based on Kaizen activities. It can be said that Kaizen is vital to the achievements of group targets and the improvement and involvement of the personnel seen from an operations point of view. Kaizen is a spirit of improvement founded on a spirit of co-operation. [4] NICHOLS FOODS Nichols Foods manufactures products for vending, food service and retail markets. It was founded in 1981 and has three factories in Haydock. [5] Nichols Foods started applying the Kaizen tool on its production in 1998. After applying Kaizen the company has achieved its success because of great customer service. To be able to deliver great customer service, the employees need to be really great motivated people. That is where the companys value comes in. The company does not only think about the results, it also thinks about the values who give the results. [5] The company has outlined some values that make the business tick, they are: [5] People: All the employees have responsibility, accountability and commercial awareness. The organisation values its employees. Passion: The organisation has passionate commitment to quality and customer service excellence. It seeks to continually improve in all that it does. Energy: The organisation has a culture of team sp irit. Its employees are also motivated to be free thinking, creative and innovative. Partnership: The organisation aims to build long term relationships with customers, suppliers and the community it operates in. Integrity: The organisation acts with integrity. Before, managers were the ones improving things and driving changes. This has changed a lot with the implementation of Kaizen. Now, the employees are treated with respect. They should be the experts in their own jobs and therefore be able to drive positive changes in their jobs. Employees are challenged to participate enthusiastically in work by having to take responsibility and accountability for what they do. [5] In addition, Nichols Foods also recognises employees achievements. It has its own performance recognition scheme, known as GEMs (Going the extra mile). Each staff member can nominate a colleague for doing something beyond the normal scope of their job. Every month the overall prise winners are ann ounced. Each year the first price winner is announced at the companys conference and the price is always the same, a two week long holiday on Florida. By doing this, more interest and involvement is created among the employees as well as education and entertainment. At the conference every member of the factory participates in a video clip, outlining their own Kaizen achievements, which is shown to everybody. Another thing Nichols Foods also did was to introduce a sick pay scheme for all employees. Everybody who has 100% attendance record can win a price. Each year the winner is drawn from a pot at the companys conference. The price is always the same every year, a brand new car. To maintain the employees motivation the managing director of the company meets quarterly with the staff to discuss how things are going. This is a great opportunity to sort out problems if they occur. When first implementing Kaizen, every member of the operations team took a two day course to unde rstand and learn how to be involved in improving quality, cost and delivery in their jobs. Because of interest, a success was recognised right away. However, the focus on improving the right things was missing in many cases. At this time the commitment to success was born, which was all that mattered to start with. Some things were not done right at the beginning. There was no steering group in control over each activity, both focus and structure were needed regarding what to do and how to apply the Kaizen tool, visibility through activity boards was also needed and both audit and review were lacking. From this point and on it was worked on improvements with the focus set on quality, cost and delivery. Another two day course was held, focusing on 5S. After this course significant improvements started to take off. The factory was divided into areas of responsibility, colour coded and assigned to Kaizen teams. Photos of people were put on the equipment they were using and perfor mance measures were displayed next to the machines and they were updated daily. After these changes, daily production meeting was held at the shop floor in front of the performance graphs. By using this approach, problems can be addressed first hand and the operator can explain issues and work with the management team to put corrective actions in place. Clarity in understanding the problem becomes much greater than before when meetings were held in offices. Equipment levels improved rapidly resulting in old equipment being returned to better condition. Clean machines are better running and can therefore deliver better and the performance is also more reliable. Ownership, performance measurements and workplace organisation is not all that takes. If improvements are to be maintained it is necessary to have standard operating procedures. Operators need to come up with the best way of doing things and be able to do it again the same way each time, every time. Only when the team de cides there is a better way of doing things, the operation is changed. Once started on continual improvements it is important to maintain and build on the momentum. To celebrate a success every time it occurs is the key to this. JUST IN TIME, VALUE STREAM MAPPING POKA YOKE PLASTIC INJECTION MOLDED AUTO-PARTS MANUFACTURER IN INDIA JUST IN TIME Just in Time (JIT) refers to inventory management. Its focus lies on making inventory on hand reach zero. To be able to do that, products are only produced or components procured as needed with only the necessary materials, equipment, and employee time that will add value to the product. [6] The benefits involved in implementing Just in Time are considered to be: [6] Reducing inventory levels to only the parts or supplies that are needed each time which results in lowering the holding or carrying cost of inventory. Improvements in both productivity and quality by reducing labour and equipment time. Decrease the time required to make and deliver the product and hence increase customer satisfaction. VALUE STREAM MAPPING Value Stream Mapping is one of the lean tools. Value Stream Mapping is used to identify every action needed to design, order, and make a specific product. These actions are sorted into three categories: those who the customers sees as value adding, those who create no value but are required in either the product or the process and those that do not add value according to the customer. [7] This tool is used to find waste in the system, from the suppliers raw material delivery until delivering to end customer. It is also used to find out where to take actions in the supply chain to make the production more efficient. [8] POKA YOKE This is a way of process and/or product design that makes things go the right way the first time by preventing defects from happening. In other words it makes defect operations physically impossible in the first place. [9] PLASTIC INJECTION MOLDED AUTO-PARTS MANUFACTURER IN INDIA This company supplies both plastic injection moulded components and assemblies to leading auto manufacturers and consumer goods manufacturers of India, like TVS motors, Ashok Leyland, Whirlpool, IFB etc. It is medium sized and it is growing fast, with 200 employees and turnover over $8 million. [2] This company is customer and quality focused and it decided to try lean manufacturing in hope to stay ahead of the increasing competition. In 2006 it was decided within the company to initiate a lean manufacturing pilot program. The program included more than one lean tool, it was composed of Just in Time, Value Stream Mapping, Poka Yoke and Kaizen. The product chosen for the pilot was Air cleaner assembly of TVS-victor motor bike. The reason why this product was chosen was because it was emerging as the major bread winner for the company with great future potential. [2] The first step taken towards lean was to make employees aware of the program and educate them. [2] JIT is the pre-requisite of lean so separate projects were initiated for that. This helped the company organise itself for the implementation of lean manufacturing. [2] Value Stream Mapping was done on the value stream of victor air cleanser assembly and current state map was drawn. [2] The findings and plans made from JIT and the value stream mapping were: [2] TVS motors, the customer, should give monthly forecast and weekly requirements to production planning department. Then it is possible to plan and produce the amount needed of the product each time. Case of air cleaner moulded in-house according to weekly schedule. Cover of air cleaner moulded by subcontractor. Other parts bought from nearby suppliers. Moulding of the cases and the assemblies of the air cleaner is done at separate places. Production supervisor controls the production as per weekly requirement. Takt time was 57 seconds. Total value added time was 197 seconds. Lead time including lead time fo r raw material, cover and beginning of period should was 8.5 days. Finished goods inventory took 2 days. Work in process inventory between case and assembly took 0.5 days. Beginning of period inventory took 2 days. The lean team also identified wastes and problems as follows: [2] Inventory between case molding and assembly took 0.5 days. Assembly between cover moulding and assembly took 2 days. Finished goods inventory took 1 day. Long distance between assembly and moulding caused material movement to be approximately 75 meters. 15 seconds spent in material handling. Multiple visits to store for parts Out of 97 seconds of the assembly cycle time, 9 seconds were spent in packaging which may not add any valueto the air cleaner. Batch production for moulded case and cover parts lead to significant amount of scrap due quality problem coming into picture at the assembly process only. Current fixture used in assembly process of air cleaner is not useful for screwing tube outlet subassembly with the main body leading to difficult and tiring operation for workers. Spring clamp entangling leading to wastage of 3-4 seconds. The focus was put on all these factors to check if they could be improved by applying lean tools. By implementing lean manufacturing system, a single-piece pull based flow system was implemented. The reason was to remove the waste of work in process inventory. A single-piece flow was achieved within the required takt time of 57 seconds but before lean the whole assembly was done on 97 seconds. [2] Figure II: Victor Air Cleaner, lean cell [2] Figure I: Manufacturing system before lean [2] The principle of single minute exchange of die (SMED) was used to achieve faster change of dies for other air cleaner, which decreased the set up time from 74 minutes to 15 minutes. Before lean, the moulding machines availability was 86%. To make it 100%, total productive maintenance was initiated. [2] Poka Yoke was applied in one of the assembly operation because the employees had the tenancy to forget the assembly of a piece of small foam. [2] Kaizen was already successfully running in the factory, to continuously improve the processes. [2] The following steps were taken to eliminate the remaining waste in the system: [2] It was suggested to TVS people to receive air cleaners in covered bins, without individual cover. This suggestion was standardized, after successful pilot run, resulting in time saving of 9 seconds as well as in poly bag savings. A spring clamp dispenser was designed to solve the problem regarding the spring etangling. A new fixture was desi gned which made the assembly of tube outlet possible. Two trolleys were design to hold a shifts parts required. One was kept in store and the other one was in use in the cell. This eliminated multiple visits to store for parts. The company delivered air cleanser once a day to TVS motors. The deliveries were increased to two a day which resulted in space saving of 10 m2 as well as reduction in finished goods inventory. [2] RESULTS NICHOLS FOODS Changes which have occurred: Quality complaints are down 50% year on year for the third consecutive year. Graph I: Manufacturing Quality Complaints [5] Change over time has been reduced by 50%. Graph II: Manufacturing Labour Cost [5] Manufacturing efficiencies are up. Pence per case are 28% lower today than in 1995. Service levels are at record highs. Graph III: Service Levels [5] Graph V: Customer Satisfaction [5] Graph IV: Customer Satisfaction [5] Profit has doubled in the last 3 years. Graph VI: Profit Performance [5] The company has won: The Duke of Westminster Business Excellence Awards in 1998. The Management Today Business to Business service Excellence award in 1998. The Management Today Best Household in 1999. General Best Factory Award in 1999. Best supplier award for a major customers, which have been very important to the company because award from customers mean business. PLASTIC INJECTION MOLDED AUTO-PARTS MANUFACTURER IN INDIA Implementing lean manufacturing to the company resulted in: 25% increase in production because of elimination of various waste activities. Before, the production was 200 assemblies/operator/shift but by implementing lean tools this number increased to 250. Finished goods inventory was managed to be reduced by half. Bought out parts inventory was reduced by half. Work-in-process inventory became negligible. Approximately 20m2 of space was able to be saved due to inventory reduction and cell formation. The production became defect free because of implementation of Poka-Yoke and single piece flow. CONCLUSION AND LEARNING Case studies from two companies who apply lean tools were surveyed. It is not enough to make some conclusions regarding weather lean tools are more preferable than other methods or tools. Conclusions about these two companies can only be made. NICHOLS FOODS Applying Kaizen to Nichols foods has made some obvious changes to the better for the company. Employees are made more aware of what they are doing. They are also made feel like they are important and encouraged to do their best. Everybody wants to do the best they can to have a chance to win the prise handed out at the companys conference. This has created more ambition among the employees and it is good as long as it is kept within some limitation. It has to be made sure that cooperation is dominant. It cannot turn to core competition between teams or individuals which might lead to them ruining things for each other. As long as everybody work together to reach mutual goal this should work fine. Having performance measures updated daily at the machines is also very clever. It gives the employees a chance to see for themselves how things are going and if they need to improve anything. Having meetings daily at the shop floor to discuss these performance measures is also very good . It gives each and every employee a chance to improve what he is doing right away. Simple thing like cleaning the machines resulted in them being more reliable and delivering better. That has definitely been worth it and made good things for the company. If the graphs shown in the results are examined than it can be seen that the company has started thinking about improvements before it implemented Kaizen. The starting year of all the graphs is 1995, ever since that year the company has been improving. The manufacturing quality complaints seem to reduce in the same ratio before and after implementing Kaizen, as seen on graph I above. The company has obviously been making some changes to reduce these complaints before Kaizen. There are some improvements in this area but it is hard to say whether it can be related to the implementation of Kaizen or not since it was already reducing before. It can be seen from graph II that labour cost decreased a lot between the years 199 5 and 1996, from 1996 to 1998 there was no great difference. It can be assumed that the company had started some arrangement about reducing manufacturing labour cost in 1995. After implementing Kaizen in 1998 it decreased significantly again so it can be assumed that Kaizen had something to do with it. The company has obviously been working on improving service level since 1995, as seen on graph III. There is no significant difference in the service level between the years 1998 and 1999 so it cannot be assumed that Kaizen has had some impact on that factor. But it should also be noted that the service level is very high, almost 98%, which is very good. Maybe there would have been more difference after implementing Kaizen if it had been a lot less. As seen on graphs IV and V, all customer satisfaction factors are better at Nichols Foods compared to its competitors. Numbers from 1998 are only known so it is hard to say whether Kaizen had something to do with it or not since no i nformation is available regarding how things were before. It is likely that Kaizen has had something to do with it, but how much cannot be said. The companys profit has been increasing every year since 1995, as seen on graph VI. It increased the most between 1995 and 1996 so the company has probably been focusing on this factor since then. But another big increase was between 1998 and 1999, which can be attributed to Kaizen. After implementing Kaizen the company has won several awards. That should give some sign of better success both on the inside and the outside of the company. Using this tool has not done the company any harm, things have only been improving. In terms of tangible measures of quality, cost and delivery it has without a doubt been worth implementing Kaizen in this company. PLASTIC INJECTION MOLDED AUTO-PARTS MANUFACTURER IN INDIA In the Indian manufacturing company many tools were applied at the same time. That makes it a little bit hard to see what changes occurred by implementing each tool if there were any changes. By implementing these tools a lot of things were changed and improved at the same time, such as production planning, equipment setup in the plant, waste was reduced, management , assembly operation, delivery system, etc. Nothing went from the better to the worse when all these changes were implemented. Factors like production, finished goods inventories, bought out parts, free space were all increased, work-in-process inventory became negligible and the production became defect free. These changes are all good and the company is more successful than it was before implementing the lean tools. Without a doubt, lean tools have done the company good. But whether it was necessary to implement all these tools and if they all have some purpose in making things better is hard to say because they were all implemented at the same time. It might have been better to try each tool individually first and combine them afterwards when it was known whether it had purpose or not. The learning from writing this paper is mainly that according to the resources used, lean tools do nothing to harm the manufacturing in companies. Things always seem to improve. Therefore there is no reason not to recommend lean tools when trying to improve things in organisations.

The World s Leading Consumer Company For Automotive...

BACKGROUND Vision Statement â€Å"To become the world s leading Consumer Company for automotive products and services. (Homepage, 2015)† Mission Statement â€Å"One Team. People working together as a lean, global enterprise for automotive leadership, as measured by: †¢ Customer, Employee, Dealer, Investor, Supplier, Union/Council, and Community Satisfaction One Plan. †¢ Aggressively restructure to operate profitably at the current demand and changing model mix; †¢ Accelerate development of new products our customers want and value; †¢ Finance our plan and improve our balance sheet; †¢ Work together effectively as one team. One Goal. An exciting viable Ford delivering profitable growth for all. (Homepage, 2015)† Component 1 Customers 2 Products 3 Market 5 Profitability 7 Self- Concept 8 Public Image 9 Employees Company Present Present Present Present Present Present Present History/Timeline 1901: Henry Ford defeats the top racecar driver of the era. Ford designed the 26 horsepower sweepstakes and defeated Alexander Winton. The victory lead to Henry Ford’s second short-lived attempt, The Henry Ford Company. 1903: The Ford Motor Company is incorporated with 12 investors and 1,000 shares. Ford Motor Company had turned a profit of $37,000. 1904: Ford Motor Company of Canada is founded in Walkersville, Ontario. 1907: Ford introduces the scripted typeface of its trademark designed by Childe Harold Wills. 1908: Ford introduces the Model T. 1913: Ford introduces the integratedShow MoreRelatedEffects Of Abnormal Profits On The Long Run Essay1530 Words   |  7 Pagesoligopolies make abnormal profits, due to the assumption of high barriers to entry. When firms in an industry seem to be making abnormal profit, it may attract new entrants into the market; causing an increase in supply and therefore a decrease in price leading to normal profits. 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Segmentation Of Brain Mr Images For Tumor Area And Size...

SEGMENTATION OF BRAIN MR IMAGES FOR TUMOR AREA AND SIZE DETECTION BY USING OF CLUSTERING ALGORITHM Shinu Sadeyone1 Assistant professor (Sathyabama University, Chennai) S.Freeda2 Assistant professor (A.C.T engineering college, Chngalpattu) 1shinusedayone@gmail.com. 2freeda27@gmail.com. Abstract- There are different types of tumors are available. Astrocytoma is the most common type of tumor (30% of all brain tumor) and is usually a malignant one. Astrocytoma can be subdivided into four grades. Each grade has its own characteristics and unique treatment. In the event that any wrong treatment is given to these evaluations that prompts passing. So finding the position and shape of tumor is very important for the further treatment. The proposed system of this paper is to find the exact position and shape of the tumor cells. That helps the physician for further treatment. In the proposed system, it consists of four modules (i) Pre-processing, (ii) Segmentation of brain in MR Images,(iii) Quality extraction and (iv) Inexact reasoning. Preprocessing is carried out by sifting. Segmentation is carried out by cutting edge both K-means and Fuzzy C-means calculations. Quality extraction is by thresholding. Finally, Approximate reasoning method to recognize the tumor shape and p osition in MRI image. If the tumor is a mass in shape then k-means algorithm is enough to extract it from brain cells. Suppose if it is a malignant (spread over the brain) one then the Fuzzy C-means algorithmShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Malignant Brain Cancer1389 Words   |  6 PagesResonance Images, Robustness and accuracy of the Prediction algorithms are very important, because the result is crucial for treatment of Patients. A brain tumor is a cluster of abnormal cells growing in the brain. It may occur in any person at almost any age. It may even change from one treatment session to the next but its effects may not be the same for each person. Brain tumors appear at any location, in different image intensities, can have a variety of shapes and sizes [3]. Brain tumors can beRead MoreDetection Of Brain Tumor Detection Essay941 Words   |  4 PagesAbstract—A tumor is the growth in the abnormal tissue of the brain which causes damage to the other cells necessary for funct ioning. Detection of brain tumor is a difficult task, as there are various techniques involved in it. The active imaging resource used for brain tumor detection is Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). It is necessary to use technique which can give the accurate location and size of the tumor. There are various algorithms proposed for brain tumor detection, this paper presentsRead More_x000C_Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis355457 Words   |  1422 PagesPermissions Editor: Isabel Alves Production Service: Newgen–Austin Text Designer: Stuart Paterson Photo Researcher: Gretchen Miller Copy Editor: Nancy Dickson Illustrator: Jade Myers; Newgen–India Cover Designer: Stuart Paterson Cover Image: Paul Chesley/Getty Images Cover Printer: Courier Corporation/Kendallville Compositor: Newgen–India Printer: Courier Corporation/Kendallville  © 2008, 2005 Duxbury, an imprint of Thomson Brooks/Cole, a part of The Thomson Corporation. Thomson, the Star logo,

A Detailed Description of Schizophrenia - 1023 Words

Comparison Contrast Paper Introduction Schizophrenia is described as a very severe, chronic, and debilitating cognitive or psychological problem that is highly characterized with increased mortality and morbidity, heavy burden to the public health care and socioeconomic development in terms of treatment and management, and increased risks to a plethora of life threatening adverse health events and complications (Gaebel, 2011). This condition is categorized as a terminal or lifelong mental condition that makes it difficult for the affected individuals to behave or function normally, display normal emotional reaction, think rationally, and in most situations, the affected patients are unable to make a distinction between the existing†¦show more content†¦The affected individuals exhibit a myriad of signs and symptoms that include both positive and negative symptoms. The positive symptoms include mania or uncontrollable thought problems, hallucination (patients tend to hear and see people and things that are no t real), perception disturbances, disorganized thoughts, delusions and paranoia (beliefs that are not based in reality), abnormal behavior that range from childlike silliness to erratic agitation, abnormal motor behavior, and jumbled speech (Mueser Jeste, 2008). Others include negative signs and symptoms that prevent the patient from having a normal life, and include blunted emotions, lack of feeling or understanding of other people feelings, loss of motivation, social withdrawal, suicide thoughts, inability to concentrate, lack of desire to accomplish personal goals and objectives and deterioration in social, occupational, and interpersonal relationships. In most occasions, the early phases of this condition are exclusively limited to behavioral changes, but when these behavioral changes are ignored or left untreated, the patient is predisposed to further life threatening adverse events and complications such as stroke, and permanent brain damage, and even death in extreme situat ions (Gaebel, 2011). All cases of schizophrenia are mainly characterized with positive symptoms such as Mania,Show MoreRelatedSymptoms And Symptoms Of Schizophrenia1343 Words   |  6 Pages What is Schizophrenia? Experts agree that it is a syndrome (signs and symptoms that are thought to co-occur in ways that distinguish it from other syndromes and from normal thoughts and behaviors). Schizophrenia is also defined as a psychotic disorder with, impairments in reality, disturbances of perception and thought experienced as hallucinations, delusions, hearing voices, seeing things that are not there, and paranoia. Its onset usually starts in a person’s late teens to early twentiesRead MoreSchizophreni A Psychological Disorder1028 Words   |  5 PagesHill College December 7, 2016 Assessment Research paper Schizophrenia is a psychological disorder which about one percent of the population (John et al., fid. 2001) Morbidity is caused by the negative and positive symptoms. Research has shown that disability and impairment is caused by cognitive impairment in schizophrenia. It is by a group of disorders which and it s largely unknown. It involves a set of disturbances of perception, thinkingRead MoreEssay about The Dopamine Hypothesis of Schizophrenia1358 Words   |  6 PagesThe Dopamine Hypothesis of Schizophrenia Schizophrenia is a disease that has plagued societies around the world for centuries, although it was not given its formal name until 1911. It is characterized by the presence of positive and negative symptoms. Positive symptoms are so named because of the presence of altered behaviors, such as delusions, hallucinations (usually auditory), extreme emotions, excited motor activity, and incoherent thoughts and speech. (1,2) In contrast, negative symptomsRead MoreSaints, Scholars and Schizophrenics1506 Words   |  7 PagesCalifornia Press â€Å"It is generally accepted that schizophrenia is a condition in which the person alters his representation of reality in order to escape or withdraw from seemingly unresolvable conflicts and from social interactions that are painful.†(Nancy quotes Hill, Lewis B 1955) as important defining quote of what is incorporated in characteristics of schizophrenia. In the mid 1970’s, in rural Ireland, cases of mental illness and schizophrenia was abnormally high; Nancy Scheper in her ethnographyRead MoreGenetic Risk And Outcome Of Psychosis1636 Words   |  7 Pagesthe first paragraph of the introduction and restated again more specifically in the last paragraph. Many researches have been conducted to understand the etiology of schizophrenia, such as genetic factors or environmental factors thus, I believe the problem is researchable. A brief background of the definition the term schizophrenia is defined in the introduction and much information about the topic is explained t hroughout the introduction. I believe the article indicates all the variables that wereRead More Essay on Condemnation of a Patriarchal Society in Yellow Wallpaper860 Words   |  4 Pages The insanity is rooted in the narrators inability to fall easily into that mould. Gilmans descriptions of the wallpaper are really eloquent delineations of the restrictions and constraints placed upon women. In short, the wallpaper is what all proper women are supposed to be; the narrator is one woman who is unable to adapt and, hence, she becomes a lunatic.    The narrators first description of the wallpaper puts forth most plainly what the nature of women is believed to be: dull enoughRead MoreBorderline Personality Disorder ( Bipolar Disorder )1653 Words   |  7 Pagesimpulsivity, cognitive problems, and intense unstable relationships. Before diagnosis, Doctors must establish that patterns of affective instability, impulsivity, and unstable relationships have been consistent over time. Therefore, obtaining the patient’s detailed history is crucial. Many of the same features can be found in patients with Bipolar Disorder. Dysphorias, hyperactivity, impulsivity, and thoughts of suicide, are psychotic symptoms found in both disorders. Sadly, borderline patients with this clusterRead MoreThe Role Of Family And Caretakers Relationships940 Words   |  4 Pagesthe individual with bipolar disorder and their outcomes with treatment, along with how these interactions affect the other members of the family. A strength that was present in each article was the depth of detail presented in each study; this description will make it easier to replicate the studies. These commonalities throughout the articles may be beneficial for the researcher, but could also have some shortcomings. Family functioning and their relations are impactful for both the family memberRead MoreMultiple Personality Disorder Essay1635 Words   |  7 Pagesexists in about one percent of the population. Much research supports the existence of this disease and its origins, causes and effects on the people in who suffer with it. This essay will clearly define Multiple Personality Disorder along with a detailed synopsis of the disease itself. The diagnosis, alter personalities, different treatments and views will indicate the disease is real. The American Psychiatric Association named Multiple Personality Disorder in 1994 Dissociative Disorder. MultipleRead MoreThe Most Complex Organ Of The Body1379 Words   |  6 Pageseight times in the Papyrus, and the Papyrus also describes the symptoms, diagnosis and prognosis of two patients who were wounded in the head and had compound fractures to the skull. While the author of the Papyrus is not known, the notes are very detailed and the author must have had a vast knowledge of the brain to be able to make these assumptions on the patients. During the second half of the first millennium BC, the Ancient Greeks developed differing views on the function of the brain. Greek

The Gospel of Matthew Samples for Students †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Gospel According to Matthew. Answer: The Gospel of Matthew gives a vivid account of the teachings of Jesus and it is considered the fundamental doctrine in respect to Christianity. A large number of scholars hold the idea that the first gospel of Mark was composed around the year 70. Scholars believe that the gospels of Matthew and Luke were composed in 80s or in the 90s. The written version of Marks gospels was held to be a source for their narratives (Brown 2015). The two evangelists, Matthew and Luke had material that could not be found in Mark so a large number of researchers think that it was the sayings of Jesus that was integrated in the works. This was known as the Q source and it was put together somewhere in the 40s. The materials of Luke and Matthew bear similarity to each other however; the version of Luke is a scattered version. Matthew has inserted these sayings in the place of the Marcan narrative where Jesus was teaching people. These sayings were later organized to form a single sermon that was done by Matthew (Clayton 2017). There was a gap of 400 years between Old and New Testament when God was not communicating with the Jews. The hope for Messiah was provided in the Old Testament. It was finally accomplished with the appearance of Jesus Christ (Finegan 2014). Old Testament boasted of a Kingdom of Heaven and Christ has emerged to fulfill the divine law. According to Christ, righteousness was the crux upon which the earthly kingdom was based. Matthews gospel was addressed to Jews who were waiting for hundred years for the Messiah to dawn on the face of the earth. The words of the Son of Man provide relief for those who are weak and have a weary soul. These words provide support for all those people who are in dire need of some assurance. The passage has an important bearing on the overall structure of New Testament. People in the world suffer from restlessness and disappointment plagues their soul. Jesus will provide us with peace in exchange of good work. Jesus provides rest to every sinner. Christ take s away the sins of all those who go near him. He provides them respite from fear of law, hell, devil and death. The blessings of Jesus would be endowed on those who work hard in the righteous path and to those people who are laboring hard under Pharisaic enactments ( Kennedy 2014). Christ will provide them with such rest that will refresh their soul and they would feel rejuvenated to go back to work. The passage shows a divine penetration into the true condition of man. Pity is expressed in the passage through soul-stirring lines. With a lot of compassion Jesus looks into the hearts of men. He sees sorrow and suffering embedded in the souls of men and he is conscious of their mental tribulations and turmoil in their soul. The words of this greater man were possessed of a kind of charm that can relieve the human soul. In this world which is completely torn apart by suffering and violence, this man stands calm who is waiting with outstretched hands to receive the complaints of humankind (Morgan 2017).The savior mainly refers to Jews who had suffered under strict ceremonial laws. According to him, by embracing Christianity they would be relieved of tiresome ceremonies and rites that have tormented their soul. In the larger sphere, he was referring to the ruined sinner who is burdened with a heavy conscience owing to his transgressions. His words would provide a release for all those who are shaking with terror and looking for deliverance (Robertson 2014). Christ assures them not to worry and that they have hope of salvation. He will provide them with freedom from the terror of inhumane laws. They will be granted relief from eternal death (Smith 2016). Man not only has to work but also to bear the heavy burden of sorrow in their daily existence. Thoughts that disturb mind while working further deteriorate our condition and daily existence becomes extremely tiresome. Man has a relationship with God and also to the almightys righteousness laws. Men toil continuously with great efforts and yet all that remains in the end is a conscious realization of their flaws. A pure life will have to encounter both these aspects. The major theme that is evoked in the passage is that of the merciful Jesus who speaks to everyone who have labored in vain to gratify their conscience. These words have been addressed to the entire human race. Faith and trust is evoked in the almight ys appeal in these lines. Christ has granted freedom to men by promulgating gospel (Keener, 2014). The passage has been addressed to all those souls who have grown tired in their pursuit of truth. These words can be alluded to the Greeks who had a notion that it was very difficult to reach god. For the Jews, religion was burdensome and involved unending series of rules. According to them, law was composed of endless regulations and they controlled every action in the life of a person. They had developed a slavish mentality and always groping for a voice that will dictate them. During Christs time, the Pharisees imposed harsh rules and regulations on the commoners who had developed a slavish mentality and used to listen to the words of the rulers. The Pharisees on the other hand indulged themselves in a life of leisure and did not involve themselves in any action. Everyone looked upon Christ for his or her deliverance and obeying the truth would grant them salvation. The Jews suffered under the stringent laws and commandments. The yoke is symbolic and it evokes the image of plowing . The yoke will help us in our spiritual struggle rather than acting as a hindrance (Keener 2014). God provides us with burdens in order to strengthen our soul and make us mentally resilient. Common people because of our love for the divine power abide by the commandments of God .The lord Jesus will help us in carrying the burden. References: Brown, Raymond E. An introduction to the New Testament. Yale University Press, 2015. Clayton, Weatherford T. "Rock of Our Redeemer." BYU Speeches (2017). Finegan, Jack. The archeology of the New Testament: the life of Jesus and the beginning of the early church. Princeton University Press, 2014. Keener, Craig S.The IVP Bible Background Commentary: New Testament. InterVarsity Press, 2014. Kennedy, George A. New Testament interpretation through rhetorical criticism. UNC Press Books, 2014. Morgan, G. Campbell. The gospel according to Matthew. Wipf and Stock Publishers, 2017. Robertson, Archibald Thomas. A grammar of the Greek New Testament in the light of historical research. Ravenio Books, 2014. Smith, Matthew J. "God's Idioms: Sermon Belief in Donne's London."English Literary Renaissance46, no. 1 (2016): 93-128.

The Strategies Of Game Theory - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss about the strategies of Game theory. Answer: In the given two person game, Strategy A B C Players 1 D 9,6 7,6 8,7 E 8,10 6,8 9,9 F 7,8 5,8 7,10 There is no pure Nash equilibrium. A Nash equilibrium, in a two-person game occurs at a point where, both the persons have their welfare maximized and from where none of them has the incentive to deviate. That means, at the Nash Equilibrium, both the players are choosing their optimal strategies and there is no better combination of strategies for the players, given the conditions (Myerson 2013). Here, there is no such single point where, both the players are maximizing their profit. This implies, there is no pure Nash Equilibrium in this game. Here, if 1 chooses D, 2 chooses C, but if 2 chooses C, 1 chooses E. If 1 chooses E, 2 chooses A, but if 2 chooses A, 1 chooses D. If 1 chooses F, 2 chooses C, but if 2 chooses C, 1 chooses E. Therefore, there is no Nash equilibrium in the above game (Colman 2016). In this game, Player 1 will never choose strategy F, as it is a dominated strategy, that means the probability of playing F is 0: Let, x be the probability of Player 1 playing D and y be the probability of Player 1 playing E. Therefore, 9.x +8.y = 7.x +6.y This means, x = y Again, x + y + 0 = 1 This means, x = y = 0.5 This means the expected pay off of A is = (9*0.5) + (8*0.5) = 4.5 +4 = 8.5 (Dixit and Skeath 2015. Player 2 will never play strategy B as it is a dominated strategy, this means the probability is 0. Let p be the probability of 2 playing A and q be the probability of 2 playing C: Therefore, 6.p + 7.q = 10.p + 9.q 4.p = -2.q , which implies p/q = -1/2. However, probabilities cannot be negative, which implies the expected payoff of Player 2 is unidentified. 2. In this problem, both the firms are assumed to be rational and there are perfect information by both the firms. Therefore, the output of one firm is dependent on the strategy of other firm and the optimal outputs can be calculated from the reaction functions of both the firms. Here, the revenue of Firm 1 is: R1 = P*X1 = [1000 X1 X2]*X1 = 1000*X1 X1^2 X2.X1 Therefore, the marginal revenue is given as follows: MR1 = 1000 -2X1 X2 Here, MC1 = 400 At the Nash equilibrium condition, MR1 = MC1: This implies, 1000 2.X1 X2 = 400, which implies, 2.X1 + X2 = 600 (i). This is the reaction function of the first firm. For the second firm, R2 can be written as follows: R2 = P*X2 = [1000 X1 X2]*X2 = 1000.X2 X1.X2 X2^2 Therefore, the marginal revenue for the second firm can be written as follows: MR2 = 1000 X1 2.X2 At the Nash equilibrium situation, MR2 = MC2 1000 X1 2.X2 = 400 This implies, X1 + 2.X2 = 600 (ii). This is the reaction function for Firm 2. Solving for the reaction functions of both the firms, we get the following result: X1 + 2*(600 2.X1) = 600 This implies, 3X1 = 600, that is, X1 = 200. Putting the value of X1 in equation-(i), we get, X2 = 200. Therefore, the common price for both the firms is: P = 1000 X1 X2 = 1000 200 200 = 600 So, P = 600. Therefore, profit of Firm 1 is: Profit 1 = P*X1 C1 = X1[P MC1] (As fixed cost is zero) Profit 1 = 200[600-400] = 200*200 = 40000 Profit 1 = 40000. The profit for the Firm 2 will also be the same as both the firms have same cost structure, price structure and same level of optimal output. This means, Profit 2 = 40000. Therefore, in the concerned problem, at the Nash equilibrium, the profit of Firm 1 is 40000 and the profit of Firm 2 is also 40000. 3. In this case, Firm 2 knows about its cost structure, but firm 1 does not know. Therefore, Firm 2 will have a first movers advantage over firm 1. It will incorporate the reaction function of firm 1 in its profit function and maximize profit (Wang and Ma 2013). The reaction function of firm 1 is, X1 = (600 X2)/2. The revenue function of the firm 2 can be given by: R2 = P*X2 = [1000 X1 X2].X2 This means, R2 = 1000X2 X1.X2 X2^2 This implies, MR2 = 1000 X1 2.X2 Putting firm 1s reaction function in the above equation we get as follows: MR2 = 1000 [(600-X2)/2] 2*X2 At the equilibrium condition, we know that. MR2 = MC2: Firm 2 knows that the marginal cost will be 400 (Rasmusen and Yoon 2012). Therefore, 1000 300 + (X2/2) 2.X2 = 400, which implies, (4*X2 X2)/2 = 300 3*X2 = 600 Therefore, X2 = 200. X1 = (600 200)/200 = 200 Therefore, X1 = 200. Here, the resulting outputs of both the firms are the same, as the marginal costs of both the firms remain the same, though Firm 2 had a chance to enjoy reduced costs. However, as Firm 2 had an advantage of information about its marginal cost which firm 1 did not have, it got the First Mover advantage (Fudenberg and Tirole 2013). Firm 2 could incorporate Firm 1s reaction function in its profit function and then maximize its own profit. However, the marginal costs remaining the same, both the firm came at the same result as was in case of the perfect information scenario, discussed above. However, if the cost of Firm 2 comes down to 200, then due to first mover advantage, the Firm may enjoy higher output than that of Firm 1 (Sushko 2013). Proceeding in the same way, as done above, with marginal cost of Firm 2, X2 is found to be 333.33200 and that of X1 is found to be less than 200. Therefore, the first mover advantage do help the firm concerned, if the cost structures are favorable for the firm. 4. In this case, the duopolies come together to form a Cartel. Here, the price is given by: P = 100 Q, with no costs for any of the firms. As both the firms share the market equally, Q1 = Q2 and Q = Q1+Q2. Here, the total revenue of the market is given by: R = P.Q = (100-Q).Q = 100*Q Q^2 This implies, MR = 100 2*Q. Now, we know that at the equilibrium situation, MR = MC: This implies, 100 2Q = 0, that is, Q = 50. This implies, both Q1 and Q2 will be equal to 25. A cartel has the inherent nature due to which each of the firm in the cartel has incentives to deviate from the agreements and cheat in order to create more profit for itself. Here, let us assume that Firm 2 keeps its quota in the cartel and remains in the cartel whereas Firm 1 cheats to earn more revenue (Bak and Klecz-Simon 2012): Therefore, Q2 remains at the same level, that is, Q2 = 25. However, Firm 1 incorporates the output of Firm 2 in its own reaction function and maximizes its own profit. This can be shown with the help of the following calculations: R1 = P*Q1 = [100 Q1 Q2]*Q1 = 100.Q1 Q1^2 Q1.Q2 Therefore, the marginal revenue of the Firm 1 is given as follows: MR1 = 100 2Q1 Q2 At the equilibrium condition, MR1 = MC1, This implies, 100 = 2.Q1 + Q2, that is, Q1 = [100 Q2]/2 = [100 -25]/2 = 75/2 = 37.5 This implies, Q1 = 37.5. Therefore, the output which will maximize the profit of Firm 1, who is resorting to cheating, is 37.5, while Firm 2 is producing according to the agreement of the cartel. Q = Q1 + Q2 = 37.5 + 25 = 62.5 Therefore, P = 100 62.5 = 37.5 Therefore, the profit of Firm 1, is: Profit 1 = P*Q1 = 37.5*37.5 = 1406.25 Therefore, Profit 1 = 1406.25. Profit 2 = P*Q2 = 37.5*25 = 937.5 Therefore, Profit 2 = 937.5. If neither of the firms keep the agreement, The reaction function of Firm 1 is: Q1 = (100-Q2)/2 That of Firm 2 is, Q2 = (100-Q1)/2. Assuming Cournot Solution, solving for the two reaction functions, we get as follows: Q1 = [100 {(100-Q1)/2}]/2 Therefore, 4Q1 = 100 + Q1 Therefore, Q1 = 33.33. Q2 = (100 -33.33)/2 = 33.33 That is, Q2 = 33.33. The firms, by nature will try to default in a cartel structure. The only circumstances under which both the firms will try not to default is when the game is going to be repeated for infinite number of times or neither of the firms have any information regarding when the game will be played for the last time (Liu 2013). That is, the number of periods for which, the game will be played is uncertain. If the players know that the game will going to be repeated for n times, one will try to default at (n-1)th period. Speculating this, the other firm will try to default at (n-2)th period and this will go on. This implies, defaulting will start right from the initiation of the cartel (Marshall and Marx 2012). References Bak, B. and Klecz-Simon, A., 2012. Price discrimination in asymmetric Cournot oligopoly.Economics Letters,116(3), pp.301-303. Colman, A.M., 2016.Game theory and experimental games: The study of strategic interaction. Elsevier. Dixit, A.K. and Skeath, S., 2015.Games of Strategy: Fourth International Student Edition. WW Norton Company. Fudenberg, D. and Tirole, J., 2013.Dynamic models of oligopoly. Taylor Francis. Liu, P.T. ed., 2013.Dynamic optimization and mathematical economics. Springer Science Business Media. Marshall, R.C. and Marx, L.M., 2012.The economics of collusion: Cartels and bidding rings. Mit Press. Myerson, R.B., 2013.Game theory. Harvard university press. Rasmusen, E. and Yoon, Y.R., 2012. First versus second mover advantage with information asymmetry about the profitability of new markets.The Journal of Industrial Economics,60(3), pp.374-405. Sushko, I. ed., 2013.Oligopoly dynamics: Models and tools. Springer Science Business Media. Wang, H. and Ma, J., 2013. Complexity analysis of a Cournot-Bertrand duopoly game model with limited information.Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society,2013.